The Russian. The first question had one Drop Zone, indicated by a. “Russian Roulette” is a mini-album performed by South Korean girl group, Red Velvet. #community. Home; Search; Your Library. Red Velvet (레드벨벳) - Russian Roulette - The 3rd Mini Album Addeddate 2023-02-18 10:30:37 Identifier red-velvet-russian-roulette Scanner Internet Archive HTML5 Uploader 1. an activity that is potentially very dangerous. At the time of course, it was actually not played with revolvers as those didnt exist, but with flintlock pistols. What is Russian Roulette? First things first: we’ll start by telling you all about the original game of Russian Roulette. Let's find some podcasts to follow We'll keep you updated on new episodes. First player to die loses. Russian Roulette. The Russian Roulette Clause as a Shareholders’ Agreement. The. The first line contains three integers n, k and p ( 1 ≤ n ≤ 1018, 0 ≤ k ≤ n, 1 ≤ p ≤ 1000) — the number of slots in the cylinder, the number of bullets and the number of queries. Card up your sleeve. Russian roulette is a dangerous game played with a revolver. Wheel Roller — Slang term for the roulette croupier or dealer. So it should come as no surprise that a fair amount of. Russian Roulette Lyrics: "Fup-fup-fup" / Skippo il resto russian roulette / E quindi "fup-fup-fup" / Un colpo al cesso 'sta vita di me' / Quella nuova mi sta meglio / Ma resto attento ancora un po. The parallel drawn by Red Velvet is that love can be just as dangerous. The bullet is placed in a chamber of the gun's cylinder, the cylinder is spun, and one player aims the revolver at their head and pulls the trigger. Russian Roulette is a dangerous game that has been around since the early 1800s. if you enter -russian_roulette 2 you will have 1/ (2+1) 100% chance to be kicked from server. Measuring the spin velocity and characteristics of a roulette wheel to get an edge. The term "Russian Americans" is somewhat confusing because it can be used t… Russian Language, Russian language, also called Great Russian, member of the East Slavic group of the Slavic subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages (see. 1. It symbolizes the risks and uncertainties that come with being in a relationship. The term "Russian roulette" is often used to refer to taking a potentially dangerous chance on something, and it commonly pops up in reference to things like economics and foreign policy. If it doesn't the gun will drop to the floor and the chance to blow the next persons' brains out is raised by 1. The game ends when one. Search. The rules for Russian roulette are simple: you sit in a circle with five other people, put one bullet in a pistol with six chambers, and each person takes a turn pointing the gun at their head and pulling the trigger. Share. Hosted by Max Bergmann and Dr. Spin the magazine. ə n ruːˈlet /. Словарь английских идиом; ROULETTE — франц. A player who misses a multiple-choice question must play Russian Roulette, by pulling a lever to spin the "Drop Zones", to stay in the game. - "Russian Roulette" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her fourth studio album, Rated R (2009). The term Russian roulette was made public in a short story written by a Swiss author named Georges Surdez, published in 1937 in Collier’s Illustrated Weekly, the most influential literary magazine. This is the most extreme and dangerous gambling. the gun is then spun one the table and whomever it is pointing at when it stops spinning is the winner (loser also). After that, the players in turn bring the muzzle of the revolver to their heads and pull the. . The player spins the cylinder, puts the barrel to their head, and pulls the trigger. In the game, there is only one bullet in one of the six cylinder slots of the revolver. Russian Roulette. Damned memes. The lyrics of “러시안 룰렛 Russian Roulette” tell a story of a passionate yet unpredictable love affair. Portrayals of the game differ as to whether the. Create your first playlist It's easy, we'll help you. Discover and Share the best GIFs on Tenor. 2. US. Encyclopedia Metallica is first. Cyka blyat spread online thanks to the 2012 video game Counter Strike: Global Offensive, which has a large Russian playerbase. a gambling game in which a ball is dropped onto a spinning horizontal wheel divided into 37 or 38 coloured and numbered slots, with players betting on the slot into which the ball will fall. The basic objective is to guess the outcome of the game (number, color, position, etc. Director: Lou Lombardo. if the gun does not go off the second player repeats the actions of the first. spotify. 🤔. If it is, he loses not only his bet but his life. More than 100 million people use GitHub to discover, fork, and contribute to over 420 million projects. n. This updates what you read on open. Create your first playlist It's easy, we'll help you. The official Urban Dictionary API is used to show the hover-definitions. To associate your repository with the russian-roulette topic, visit your repo's landing page and select "manage topics. Choose a language. New recommendations. 800 sec. The. } A game of chance in which one bullet is placed in a revolver, the cartridge cylinder is spun, and the player aims the gun at his own head and pulls the trigger. Slava debuted the Russian Roulette watch in four aesthetic versions. BANG BANG BANG BANG BANG. Bukan bangsa Prancis, Italia, atau Amerika dengan kecintaannya kepada senjata api, melainkan bangsa. Spin the magazine. Depending on. any activity potentially destructive to its participants. Note that this thesaurus is not in any way affiliated with Urban Dictionary. The official Urban Dictionary API is used to show the hover-definitions. See examples of RUSSIAN ROULETTE used in a sentence. Note that this thesaurus is not in any way affiliated with Urban Dictionary. 5 # Define a list to store the number of times each player has played players = [] # Define a function. In its most lethal form, played by multiple participants each of whom takes a turn until. Add a comment. " I'm sweating now, moving slow. In the case of a revolver with six. Use this guide to learn roulette terminology. Russian Roulette: The Inside Story of Putin's War on America and the Election of Donald Trump. The results support an opportunity perspective: 80% of the Russian roulette victims were African American compared to 30. Russian roulette: 1 n a stunt in which you spin the cylinder of a revolver that is loaded with only one bullet and then point the muzzle at your head and pull the trigger. Georges Surdez – “Russian Roulette”. You’re in so deep that you can’t escape. As the author was military officer and large ports of the books are. He had two deals almost come together, but each time they fell apart due to. Russian roulette is a deadly game played with a revolver. What rhymes with russian roulette? rus·sian roulette. Find 42 different ways to say RUSSIAN ROULETTE, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus. Each player stands on one of the six trap doors on the circular floor. The game made its first public appearance in a short 1,600-word novel, written by a Swiss author by the name of Georges Surdez. ”What. Really, the only differences are the dial and case colors. Maria Snegovaya of the Europe, Russia, and Eurasia Program at CSIS, Russian Roulette explores the politics, history, and complex societies of Russia and Eurasia. Due to the way the algorithm works, the thesaurus gives you mostly related slang words, rather than exact synonyms. A St. Хавать — To eat. Members Get More - Sign up for free and gain access to many more idioms and slang expressions. Dangerously fallin' down, yeah. Russian roulette {n. REMASTERED IN HD!Get Rihanna’s eighth studio album ANTI now:Download on TIDAL: on TIDAL: Search. Wheel Clocking — 1. something involving a high degree of chance and unpredictability. Russian Roulette (game show), a game show produced by the Game Show Network. "Russian Roulette" is an extreme gambling game or a hard bet. 2 May 1976 (UK) Running time. Russian Roulette is a 1975 British-Canadian thriller film directed by Lou Lombardo and starring George Segal, Cristina Raines and Denholm Elliott . A revolution in Russian. Looking for the shorthand of russian roulette? This page is about the various possible meanings of the acronym, abbreviation, shorthand or slang term: russian roulette . Pronunciation: ni POOha ni piRAH . Russian Roulette cheats Gus wins (jackie,anthony debbie) rd1: 1)czar 2)chicago white soxs 3)otologist 4)casino royal 5)taft bye jackie rd2: 1)africa 2)mother 3)soy 4)full metal jacket 5)NY bye anthony. A dangerous and deadly game in which a revolver or six shooter has one ( or more) bullets put into the chamber. . The official Urban Dictionary API is used to show the hover-definitions. #revolver. Webster’s New World College Dictionary, 4th Edition. Black Chip – a $100 chip that players make a “Black Action” with. To associate your repository with the russian-roulette topic, visit your repo's landing page and select "manage topics. Each match is a 1-V-1. The man places his phallus into each woman's vagina in sucession, until he ejaculates. Russian Roulette is the third Korean extended play by South Korean girl group Red Velvet. A dangerous and deadly game in which a revolver or six shooter has one ( or more) bullets put into the chamber. The phrase “Russian roulette” has come to be used as a metaphor for any risky situation where there is a chance of death or serious injury. Musixmatch PRO Top lyrics Community Contribute. The official Urban Dictionary API is used to show the hover-definitions. Equipment: 1 Revolver 1 round of ammunition Setup: Insert round into revolver. Russian Roulette is an intense online game that will test your luck and nerve. You might roll the dice and take $1,000,000 to play Russian Roulette one time (though I wouldn’t advise it). To associate your repository with the russian-roulette topic, visit your repo's landing page and select "manage topics. Just like Russian roulette, but instead of a revolver, it's with a Javelin anti-vehicle launcherSubscribe to download. Russian roulette: 1 n a stunt in which you spin the cylinder of a revolver that is loaded with only one bullet and then point the muzzle at your head and pull the trigger Type of: stunt a difficult or unusual or dangerous feat; usually done to gain attentionA "Game" in which a revoler is loaded with one bullet and the chamber is spun placing the bullet randomly in one of the guns rounds. TEL AVIV — After weeks of war, the deal between Israel and Hamas has offered a burst of hope but also a new bout of agonizing waiting for the families of. And you can see my heart beating. ə n ruːˈlet / us / ˌrʌʃ. A community server of the infamous ROBLOX Russian Roulette game, meet new people and stay up-to-date. Add this topic to your repo. See stunt, gun, bullet, aim, revolver, trigger. All idioms have been editorially reviewed, and submitted idioms may have been edited for correctness and completeness. Russian roulette slang is a colorful and interesting way to talk about the game of Russian roulette. How to pronounce Russian roulette. Wheel Strategies — Tactics used to take advantage of flaws on the roulette wheel in order to gain an edge. Oh oh oh oh oh oh oh. T he world can only watch as the drama plays out that will affect the trajectory of the 21 st century: Russia’s failure to modernize itself, and the West’s inability to correct that failure. A. 1. Playing Russian roulette is an idiom that was first seen in English in the 1930s. How to say Russian roulette. Create playlist. However, the outcome of this game can be lethal. Roulette (curve), a kind of curve used in differential geometry. Russian roulette as a game has inspired writers, filmmakers, and adrenaline addicts from all over the world. Description. got that dope ), is an American record producer, songwriter, and music executive from Chicago. Russian Roulette Lyrics: Take it or leave it I've heard it been said / All this spring fever's just way over my head / Stealing my moments, taking up all my time / It's playing Russian roulette. Source: A Dictionary of American Idioms. What does that mean? Bart Simpson- “What part of Giddy Mao! don’t you understand?”. Russian Roulette: A game of suicide and luck for 2-6 players. What does I played Russian roulette expression mean? Definitions by the largest Idiom Dictionary. Russian roulette is a deadly game played with a revolver. Table of Contents. A sex activity involving 1 man and multiple women. 5% chance of one of these serious neurological disorders; I’m going to round up to 2% to add in all the little ones. The Deer Hunter is a 1978 epic war drama film co-written and directed by Michael Cimino about a trio of Slavic-American steelworkers whose lives were upended after fighting in the Vietnam War. A community server of the infamous ROBLOX Russian Roulette game, meet new people and stay up-to-date. Funny Russian Phrases. In the game, there is only one bullet in one of the six cylinder slots of the revolver. translation in hindi for Russian roulette with similar and opposite words. [Seulgi] Nalkaroun Secret dulleossan yaegin beil soge. The perfect Russian Roulette Challenge Animated GIF for your conversation. The game is designed to replicate the lethal game of chance where players take turns spinning a revolver cylinder and pulling the trigger. Audience of millions of users around the world via webcam performs a search for new acquaintances and friends for a fun video chat with a random companion. Reforms introduced by the new Soviet government aimed to simplify Russian writing. Translation of 'Russian Roulette' by Rihanna (Robyn Rihanna Fenty) from English to Serbian (Version #2) Deutsch English Español Français Hungarian Italiano Nederlands Polski Português (Brasil) Română Svenska Türkçe Ελληνικά Български Русский Српски Українська العربية 日本語 한국어Down Syndrome is 1/700, autism is 1/100, and cerebral palsy is 1/500, for a total chance of 1. Russian Roulette is a 1975 British-Canadian thriller film directed by Lou Lombardo and starring George Segal, Cristina Raines and Denholm Elliott . 7% of the controls. The album is the group's second 'Red' and 'Velvet' album, after releasing Ice Cream Cake in 2015. These indexes are then used to find usage correlations between slang terms. It was again recorded at Dierks-Studios, but the band chose to self-produce rather than bring back Dieter Dierks as producer. a stunt in which you spin the cylinder of a revolver that is loaded with only one bullet and then point. a gambling game in which players bet on which compartment of a. 0. 1. The first mention of this game comes from Russian novel written in the beginning of 19th century. Russian roulette definition: . Russian roulette definition: . "russian roulette". 🎧 Listen to more songs like this here Th. #community. It details their findings on Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections. Britannica Dictionary definition of RUSSIAN ROULETTE. It involves a spinning (roulette wheel),. Reply reply code-panda • Except instead of the player dying, the gun dies. Russian Roulette Community Server. The term refers to a game popularized by Russian officers at the czar’s court in which each player in turn, using a revolver that contains just one bullet, spins the cylinder, aims at his own head, and pulls the trigger. A. CS:GO also relies heavily on teamwork and communication, so a Russian. Ace in the hole. Hence if n n is even, chances are 50/50 50 / 50 and if n is odd, chances of losing are (n+1 2n, n−1 2n ( n + 1 2 n, n − 1 2 n) - it's a disadvantage to go first. Dimensions: 498x278. publication date. 7. Walberg (excluding the April Fool's Day episode that was hosted by Todd Newton) and announced by Burton Richardson . " GitHub is where people build software. This updates what you read on open. While Russian roulette reduces the effort spent evaluating unimportant samples, splitting increases the number of samples taken in order to improve efficiency. These indexes are then used to find usage correlations between slang terms. File Size: 597KB. This is you stick a gun in your throat and you yell Russian roulette then the person shoots. Consider again the problem of computing reflection due only to direct illumination. antonyms for. The novels revolve around a teenage spy named Alex Rider and is primarily aimed towards young adults. When his prisoner is kidnapped, the officer is drawn into a complicated assasination. Georges Surdez – “Russian Roulette”. I'll endure until the end. Really, the only differences are the dial and case colors. fun. Choose a language. comRussian Roulette lyrics. At the same time (like 5 minutes later, practically no time in valve terms) all games created and published by GaluluGame (5 titles all starting with. For instance, if you cross a busy street. Maria Snegovaya of the Europe, Russia, and Eurasia Program at CSIS, Russian Roulette explores the politics, history, and complex societies of Russia and Eurasia. Definition of russian-roulette noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Russian roulette synonyms, Russian roulette pronunciation, Russian roulette translation, English dictionary definition of Russian roulette. you can use the console command. 뭐 이렇게 못된 얘기로 자꾸. The drafting of the deadlock provisions. Duration: 1. It involves one person spinning a cylinder of a revolver loaded with a single bullet and then placing the revolver against their head, and then pulling the trigger. Due to the way the algorithm works, the thesaurus gives you mostly related slang words, rather than exact synonyms. Wheel Clocking — 1. So unless you get really really unlucky. Language: English Words: 1,451 Chapters: 1/1 Comments: 7. "Sitting in this room playing Russian roulette, finger on the trigger to my dear Juliet. Antonyms for Russian roulette. Joseph County judge sentenced 22-year-old Jacob Saye on Wednesday in the death. Lyrics and Translation러시안 룰렛 Russian Roulette Red Velvet. Data refer to 15 cases of Russian roulette found through a search of the medical examiner's suicide files (N = 1,412) and 75 matched controls who suicided by a gunshot to the head. Rihanna · Song · 2009. 0. Beware of other players, because they don't look like someone who plan to play fair. Listen to Russian Roulette - The 3rd Mini Album on Spotify. Trump has had a long term desire to build a Trump Tower in Moscow. There are different Ezugi Live Roulette tables with the option to enjoy the game in your native tongue, which would be Russian Roulette. "Russian Roulette" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her fourth studio album, Rated R . The game involves taking turns, and each. Due to the way the algorithm works, the thesaurus gives you mostly related slang words, rather than exact synonyms. 1. 1. And as we all know, UD is second in correctness only to wikipedia ;) UD is third. Note that this thesaurus is not in any way affiliated with Urban Dictionary. [Chorus: All, Wendy, Joy] 커지는 heart b-b-beat 빨라지는데. Not according to urban dictionary. The. Perhaps it is not surprising, then, that Russian President Vladimir Putin’s partial mobilization has already been colloquially dubbed the mogilizatsia, a wordplay on mobilizatsia, the Russian word for “mobilization,” and mogila, the word for “grave. Duration: 0. The game is simple, with one bullet and five empty shots. Seeking ever greater thrills, Burkowski plays the game with increasing frequency, ultimately resulting in his death. Alex vowed revenge against Yassen and the two have battled ever since. 0:00 / 0:00. a. Written and produced by Ne-Yo and Chuck Harmony, "Russian Roulette" is a pop and R&B ballad. Russian Roulette tells the spectacular and harrowing story of the British spies in revolutionary Russia whose mission was to stop Lenin’s red tide from washing across the free world. 피해 가려고만 하니 왜. The cost of software maintenance increases with the square of the programmer's creativity. adj. This updates what you read on open. Russian roulette is a dangerous game that involves a loaded firearm, typically a revolver with one chamber loaded with a live round, and the other chambers empty. This last term is the cumulative distribution function of a geometric distribution, which is $1 - (1-p)^i. Hardcover – March 13, 2018. United Kingdom. Already want to kill myself. Rules: Each player, in turn, puts the gun to his head and pulls the trigger. . Thus amply demonstrating both meanings of the term "mentalist". Okay, let’s talk about the Russian Roulette odds now. Akan tetapi, ada sesuatu dalam karakter bangsa Rusia yang membuat orang berpikir bangsa Rusialah sang pencipta permainan “neraka” menggunakan revolver tersebut. This mini-album has a collection of seven songs and the title track, “러시안 룰렛” (Russian RouletteRussian Roulette is one of two books, along with Luke Harding’s Collusion, that explore exactly how Russia elected 71-year-old Trump, the plot of which was first uncovered in the top-secret dossier compiled by former MI6 agent Christopher Steele, that was revealed on BuzzFeed (“These Reports Allege Trump Has Deep Ties to Russia”). La-la-la-la-la~ (A little more) Heart b-b-b-beat. Players take turns pulling the trigger while pointing the gun at their own head or another player’s head, with the hope of avoiding the live round. Wheel Strategies — Tactics used to take advantage of flaws on the roulette wheel in order to gain an edge. Please visit the following pages. The list of attractions also included Russian Roulette. Listen to the audio pronunciation in the Cambridge English Dictionary. Keep me thoroughly, break me down (Come on, yeah) Like falling into a cruel fairy tale. Get our app. the practice of loading a bullet into one chamber of a revolver, spinning the cylinder, and then pulling the trigger while pointing the gun at one's own head. noun see: roll Date: 1745 1. language of work or name. The Russian. Due to the way the algorithm works, the thesaurus gives you mostly related slang words, rather than exact synonyms. ────────── All Unclassified (1) Sort by: Popularity Alphabetically CategoryLet's say you're watching a game of Russian roulette. The novels revolve around a teenage spy named Alex Rider and is primarily aimed towards young adults. Roulette slang, super 8 race slot machine Lire la suite »The story of the song ' Russian Roulette '. Nowadays Russian. . Created: 10/21/2021, 4:30:28 AM. If you die, you can't play again! - Russian Roulette: One Life (PC) ロシアンルーレットシミュレーター、1発だけ弾を込めて自分の頭に引き金を引いて死ぬか生きるか試す。. Fugu, Japanese for “river pig”, refers to the flesh of pufferfish and all. The game of Russian roulette, where a single bullet is loaded into a revolver and players take turns hoping they don’t get the chamber with the bullet, serves as a metaphor for the thrill and uncertainty of. Russian Roulette Mini Fanmeeting September 10, 2016 Seoul: South Korea: SMT @ Coex Artium — [citation needed] Red Velvet Special Fan Signing Event March 27, 2017 Bangkok: Thailand: Quartier Gallery 2,000 Red Velvet "Rookie" Mini Album Event April 14–16, 2017 Taipei: Taiwan: ATT Showbox — April 21–23, 2017 Kuala Lumpur: MalaysiaAdd this topic to your repo. Roulette is a game of chance in which players place bets on the outcome of a spinning wheel. He told me, I was horrified, I told him others invited me over to play. Nov 18, 2008. Solution 3: To create a Python program that simulates Russian Roulette, you can use the following code: import random # Define the number of bullets in the gun num_bullets = 1 # Define the probability of a bullet being loaded prob_bullet = 0. What is Russian Roulette all about? Roulette is one of the most popular gambling games invented in the 18 th century. We have a new and improved read on this topic. "native or citizen of Russia," 1530s, from Medieval Latin Russianus, from Russia (see Russia). Amazon deal price: $16; street price: $20. Red Velvet, Russian Roulette Language Korean. RR <- function (PLAYERS, S = 6) { D <- 0 i <- 0 while (D != 1) { P <- sample (c (1, rep (0, times = S-1))). Almost two years after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Putin has reason. ”. It is unclear when exactly it was invented, but it is assumed that it came from the time of the Tsarist Empire. Red Velvet · Song · 2016. Russian Roulette bot works by simply typing the command -russian_roulette n. In late 70's faith brings him to a. The Hangmen’s song “Russian Roulette” tells the tale of a man who is on a helicopter ride through Vietnam, living out the life of a Hollywood star, putting on weight for the Oscars and feeling groovy. Type song title, artist or lyrics. In the case of a revolver with six chambers (revolvers with 5, 7, or 8 chambers are also. More meanings of this word and English-Russian, Russian-English translations for the word «ROULETTE» in dictionaries. S. Coldly ,coldly I can feel it with my skin. 800 sec. . Game Mechanics. Russian Roulette is the seventh studio album by German heavy metal band Accept, released in 1986. Sep 17, 2019. The term “Russian roulette clause” generally covers clauses that are used to resolve shareholder conflicts in two-person companies by foregoing one of the shareholders according to certain conditions. None of the Russian history experts we contacted knew for certain that the Russians played Russian roulette. The first player shoots, and if the revolver is empty, the next player takes a turn until the revolver doesn't shoot. Pronunciation of roulette with 2 audio pronunciations, 9 synonyms, 1 meaning, 12 translations, 17 sentences and more for roulette. The higher the terms are in the list, the more likely that they're relevant to the word or phrase that you searched for. A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular clarity. } A game of chance in which one bullet is placed in a revolver, the cartridge cylinder is spun, and the player aims the gun at his own head and pulls the. Doujinshi: Mayonaka ni suki shita Pairing: Masrur x Sharrkan Circle: Russian Roulette Language: Japanese [Russian Roulette] Magi dj – Senpai no shojo ha ore ga moraimasu [JP] Title: Senpai no shojo ha ore ga moraimasu Pairing: Masrur x Sharrkan Circle: Russian Roulette/ Hagi Language: Japanese Russian roulette synonyms, Russian roulette pronunciation, Russian roulette translation, English dictionary definition of Russian roulette. Note that this thesaurus is not in any way affiliated with Urban Dictionary. The Russian roulette drinking game emerged on the back of a dark sense of humour and irony. ROULETTE definition: Roulette is a gambling game in which a ball is dropped onto a wheel with numbered holes. "Take a breath, take it deep. Roulette Intermedium, an arts organisation and performing arts venue in Brooklyn, New. The term refers to a game popularized by Russian officers at the czar’s court in which each player in turn, using a revolver that contains just one bullet, spins the cylinder, aims at his. To associate your repository with the russian-roulette topic, visit your repo's landing page and select "manage topics. There were a few kids sitting around in a circle. The term refers to a game popularized by Russian officers at the czar’s court in which each player in turn, using a revolver that contains just one bullet, spins the cylinder. The actual origins of this game are unclear, but. ”. noun see: roll Date: 1745 1. Somerset. "Put it all on grey. Written by Jo Yoon-kyung and produced by Albi Albertsson, Belle Humble and Markus Lindell, it is primarily an 8-bit influenced synth-pop and dance-pop song which lyrically compares the. #revolver. Define Polish roulette. 11 titles have been excluded based on your preferences. More meanings of this word and English-Russian, Russian-English translations for the word «ROULETTE» in dictionaries.